练习1-13 编写一个程序，打印输入中单词长度的直方图。

 /*水平方向的直方图*/
 1 #include <stdio.h>
#define MAXHIST 15
#define MAXWORD 11
#define IN  1
#define OUT 0

int main()
{

    int c, i, nc, state;
    int len;
    int maxvalue;
    int ovflow;
    int wl[MAXWORD];

    state = OUT;
    nc = 0;
    ovflow = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < MAXWORD; ++i)
        wl[i] = 0;
    while((c = getchar()) != EOF)
    {
        if(c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\t')
        {
            state = OUT;
            if (nc > 0)
            if (nc < MAXWORD)
                ++wl[nc];
            else
                ++ovflow;
                nc = 0;
        }
        else if (state == OUT)
        {
            state = IN;
            nc = 1;
        }
        else
            ++nc;
    }
    maxvalue = 0;
    for (i = 1; i < MAXWORD; ++i)
        if (wl[i] > maxvalue)
            maxvalue = wl[i];
    for (i = 1; i < MAXWORD; ++i)
    {
        printf("%5d - %5d :", i, wl[i]);
        if (wl[i] > 0)
        {
            if ((len = wl[i] * MAXHIST / maxvalue) <= 0)
                len = 1;
        }
        else
            len = 0;
        while (len > 0)
        {
            putchar('*');
            --len;
        }
        putchar('\n');
    }
    if (ovflow > 0)
    printf ("There are %d words >= %d\n", ovflow, MAXWORD);
}

 /*垂直方向的直方图*/
 1  #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 #define Word_IN 1   /* 在单词内*/
 #define Word_Out 0  /* 在单词外*/
 
 #define MaxWordLen 15   //单词的最大长度
 
 void vertical(int a[] ,int n);
 
 int main()
{
    int c,i,j,wordLength;
    int overflowWord = 0;   //单词长度超过单词的最大长度的个数
     //存放不同长度的单词个数. 单词长度为1的存放在 wordGraph[0]
    int wordGraph[MaxWordLen];
 
     //初始化数组
     for(i = 0; i< MaxWordLen; ++i){
        wordGraph[i] = 0;
     }
 
     int state = Word_Out;    //初始在单词外
     while((c = getchar()) != EOF){
         if(c ==' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\n'){
             if(state == Word_IN){    //遇到空格和制表符判断是否在单词内
                 if(wordLength <= MaxWordLen){
                     wordGraph[wordLength - 1]++;
                     state = Word_Out;
                 }
                else{
                    ++overflowWord;
                 }
                 wordLength = 0;   //清除单词的长度,为统计下一个单词做准备.
             }
        }
         else{
            state = Word_IN;
            ++wordLength;   //在单词内,单词长度+1
        }
     }
     //调用函数
     vertical(wordGraph,MaxWordLen);
     printf("\nThe overflow wrod num is:%d",overflowWord);
 }
 
 //打印垂直直方图
 void vertical(int a[],int n){
     //1.寻找直方图最大值
     int i,j,max=0;
     for(i=0;i<n;++i){
         if(a[i]>max){
             max =a[i];
         }
     }
     //2.值为0的不打印
     //外循环打印 y轴  高度
     //内循环打印 x轴
     for(i = max;i > 0; --i){     //从值最大的开始打印
         for(j = 0;j < n; ++j){
             if(a[j] != 0){    //如果值为0,说明不存在此长度的单词,不打印
                 if(a[j] >= i){
                     printf("**  ");
                 }
                 else{
                     printf("    ");
                }
             }
         }
         printf("\n");
     }
     //打印单词的长度
     for(j = 0;j < n; ++j){
         if(a[j] != 0){
             printf("%-4d",j + 1);
         }
     }
     printf("\n");
     //打印各个单词长度的个数
     for(j = 0;j < n; ++j){
         if(a[j] != 0){
             printf("%-4d",a[j]);
         }
     }
 }

 

在gcc编译器里输入字符结束串结束EOF为：CTRL+D